diff --git a/db/connection.py b/db/connection.py
index cf1bacc..20e7752 100644
--- a/db/connection.py
+++ b/db/connection.py
@@ -77,13 +77,10 @@ def init_schema():
                 stmt = '\n'.join(lines).strip()
                 if stmt:
                     cur.execute(stmt)
-        conn.commit()
-    # Soft migrations for existing databases
-    with pool.connection() as conn:
-        with conn.cursor() as cur:
-            cur.execute(
-                "ALTER TABLE users ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS xui_email TEXT"
-            )
+
+            # Soft migrations: CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS does not add new columns
+            # to existing tables, so alter after base schema is applied.
+            cur.execute("ALTER TABLE users ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS xui_email TEXT")
             cur.execute(
                 "CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_users_xui_email ON users(xui_email)"
             )
diff --git a/db/schema.sql b/db/schema.sql
index 2cdacfe..853a582 100644
--- a/db/schema.sql
+++ b/db/schema.sql
@@ -35,8 +35,6 @@ CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS users (
     share_password_hash TEXT
 );
 
-CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_users_xui_email ON users(xui_email);
-
 CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS user_connections (
     id UUID PRIMARY KEY,
     user_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,